MongoDB

MongoDB is a popular open-source NoSQL database system designed for storing and retrieving large volumes of data using a flexible, document-based model. It was created by the software company 10gen, later rebranded as MongoDB Inc., and was first released in 2009. The database is known for its high performance, scalability, and ease of use, supporting a variety of use cases from web applications to big data analytics. ###

MongoDB is built on a non-relational, document-oriented architecture that enables it to store data in JSON-like binary format called BSON (Binary JSON). This allows for dynamic schema design, meaning fields can vary from document to document, which is advantageous for applications that need frequent and iterative changes to data structures. The MongoDB protocol uses TCP/IP for data transmission and supports a range of functionalities including CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations, indexing for faster query responses, and aggregation for transforming and retrieving complex data sets. Additionally, MongoDB offers horizontal scalability through sharding, which distributes data across multiple servers to balance load and ensure high availability. The database was developed by Dwight Merriman, Eliot Horowitz, and Kevin Ryan, the co-founders of 10gen (now MongoDB Inc.), and was driven by the need for a database solution that could handle the evolving data requirements of modern web applications. Since its inception in 2007 and its first release in 2009, MongoDB has become a cornerstone technology for development stacks across the globe.